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近年来,南方平菇生产发展迅速,但由于南方湿度大,气候温和,若管理不善,极易感染杂菌,影响产量,甚至导致失败。笔者这里把稻草料栽培干菇管理技术作一介绍,供同行们参考。 1 制备培养料 ①备料:选新鲜黄熟无霉变的稻草,晒干,泡洗后堆成垛,任其自然滴干,1周后取出铡成约6cm的小段。②配方:稻草78％,麸皮18％,蔗糖、石灰、食盐各1％,尿素、磷酸二氢铵各0.5％。③发酵与灭菌:料拌好后覆膜堆沤,至55℃左右翻堆一次,再沤至60℃,即可装袋常压蒸汽灭菌,100℃下保持10小时,并焖一夜后出锅,搬至消毒过的接种室冷却。 2 接种与培养 ①接种:两头接种,接种量为料重的5％～8％,用接种锄轻轻压实,袋口套颈环(用小塑料管或包装带制成,孔径4cm),盖一层用新洁尔灭消毒过的报纸,扎皮筋。②培养:菇房地面撒石灰,再铺上农用膜,将接种好的菌筒呈井字形码放3～4层。发菌期间,室温控制在24～26℃,料温不得超过30℃。若墙栽须翻料降温,注意加强通风换气,光线要暗。18天左右长满菌丝,其间若发现有杂菌污染,可配1∶500倍的多菌灵用注射器分点注射患处。
In recent years, the production of Pleurotus ostreatus has been developing rapidly. However, due to the high humidity in the south and the mild climate, it is very easy to infect miscellaneous bacteria if it is mismanaged, which may affect the yield and even lead to failure. The author here to straw rice cultivation mushroom management technology for an introduction for the colleagues for reference. 1 Preparation of culture materials ① preparation: Select fresh yellow mold without mildew, dried, foam washed pile, let it dry naturally, after 1 week out into a small segment of about 6cm. ② formula: straw 78%, bran 18%, sucrose, lime, salt 1%, urea, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate each 0.5%. ③ fermentation and sterilization: After the material is mixed, the plastic film is stacked up to about 55 ℃, and then piled up to 60 ℃. The bag can be bagged under atmospheric pressure and sterilized at 100 ℃ for 10 hours and steamed overnight Pan, move to sterile inoculation room cooling. 2 inoculation and culture ① inoculation: two inoculation, inoculum amount of 5% to 8% of material weight, lightly compacted with vaccination hoe, bag mouth neck ring (made of small plastic tube or packaging with a hole diameter of 4cm) Cover with a layer of benzalkonium bromide disinfection of the newspaper, Zha Zijiang. ② Training: Lime on the floor of mushroom house, and then spread the agricultural film, the inoculated good fungus was well-shaped code placed 3 to 4 layers. Hair during the room temperature control at 24 ~ 26 ℃, the material temperature must not exceed 30 ℃. If the wall planted to be expected to cool down, pay attention to strengthening ventilation, light to dark. 18 days covered with mycelium, during which if there is bacterial contamination, can be equipped with 1: 500 times the carbendazim with a syringe injected into the affected area.