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来自水母的绿色荧光蛋白(Green Fluorescent Protein,GFP)具有很多理想的特性。如GFP在细胞中表达,在蓝光或紫外照射下可以产生明亮的绿色荧光。GFP无需外源反应底物,无需进行细胞或组织的固定和渗透处理,使表达检测很方便。而且GFP对光漂白、氧化剂、还原剂、酸、碱以及其他对许多化学试剂具有极强的稳定性。GFP适合用作普遍的报告标记,尤其适合于活体细胞或组织,被喻为活分子探针,已被广泛应用于动物、植物、微生物等研究中。该文对其基础理论研究及其在药物筛选、药物治疗效果评价、细菌耐药性、肿瘤细胞多药耐药性中的应用作了综述。
Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP) from jellyfish has many desirable properties. As GFP is expressed in cells, it produces bright green fluorescence when exposed to blue or ultraviolet light. GFP without exogenous reaction substrate, without the need for cell or tissue fixation and osmotic treatment, so that the expression detection is very convenient. And GFP for photobleaching, oxidants, reducing agents, acids, alkalis, and many others have strong stability of the chemical reagents. GFP is suitable for use as a common reporting marker, especially for living cells or tissues. It has been appraised as a living molecular probe and has been widely used in animals, plants, microorganisms and the like. This article reviews the basic theoretical research and its application in drug screening, drug treatment effect evaluation, bacterial resistance and multidrug resistance of tumor cells.