读写障碍,也称为读写困难,是小学生常见的学习问题。患有读写障碍的孩子的读写能力通常落后于同龄人,但智力正常。由于读写困难,所以他们的学习成绩也通常落后于同龄人。他们一般也被老师或同学认为是学习态度有问题或是智力上有问题,也容易因同学的孤立而自卑。文章从儿童读写障碍的表现与归因入手,讲解了指导低年级儿童克服读写障碍的方法和策略。 Reading and writing disorders, also known as reading and writing difficulties, are common problems for primary school students. Children with reading and writing usually have a slower literacy than normal peers. Due to difficulties in reading and writing, their academic performance usually lags behind their peers. They are also generally considered by their teachers or classmates as learning attitudes or intellectually problematic, and they can easily feel inferior because of their isolation. The article starts with the manifestation and attribution of children’s dyslexia and explains the methods and strategies to guide the children in lower grades to overcome the problem of reading and writing.