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学生在学习“非极性分子和极性分子”一节时,觉得最难掌握的是“分子是否具有极性的判断”。这确是一个教学难点,多种教法试验效果都不佳。怎样才能让学生容易领悟、并掌握判断分子是否具有极性的本领呢?我反复思考、试验,发现,学生在学习这节教材前,已在物理学中学过“物体受力情况的分析”。这种物理分析方法,可作多原子分子中,各原子间相互作用分析的借鉴。我就试着采用这种方法进行由极性键形成的多原子分子的极性判断的教学。经实践,教学效果还挺不错。具体教学过程是这样安排的,将多原子分子的构型归纳成以下几种类型,然后与学生一起分析、讨论,逐步填完下表:
As students study the “non-polar molecules and polar molecules” section, they find it most difficult to grasp “whether or not the molecule has polarity”. This is indeed a teaching difficulty. The results of various teaching methods are not satisfactory. How can we make it easy for students to comprehend and master the ability of judges to be polar? I have thought and experimented repeatedly and found out that before learning this textbook, students have already learned about the “analysis of the force of objects” in physics. This physical analysis method can be used as a reference for the interaction analysis between atoms in a polyatomic molecule. I tried to use this method to teach the polarity judgment of polyatomic molecules formed by polar bonds. After practice, the teaching effect is quite good. The specific teaching process is arranged in such a way that the configurations of polyatomic molecules are grouped into the following types, then analyzed and discussed with students, and the following table is gradually filled in: