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基于计算流体力学,采用滑移网格方法数值模拟了在有、无横风两种环境下高速列车以300km/h速度通过不同无砟轨道模型的空气动力学性能,研究了车体底板及转向架的表面压力特性,分析了列车与轨道周围的流场特性,研究了轨道结构对气动性能的影响.研究结果表明:当列车通过框架型轨道模型时,由于框架的存在,列车底板及转向架表面压力均呈现周期性波动现象,其压力波动的主频接近16.90Hz.在无横风环境下,列车车体底板的压力变化规律基本一致,且不同模型同一位置处的压力均值相差不大;在横风环境下,利用传统方法计算得到的车体底板压力幅值略大于框架型和平板型轨道模型的计算结果.
Based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD), the aerodynamic performance of high-speed trains traveling through different ballastless orbit at 300 km / h with or without crosswind is numerically simulated by the sliding mesh method. The characteristics of the flow field around the train and the orbit are analyzed and the influence of the orbit structure on the aerodynamic performance is studied. The results show that when the train passes the frame-type orbit model, due to the existence of the frame, The surface pressure fluctuated periodically with the frequency of 16.90 Hz. Under no cross wind condition, the pressure variation of train body was basically the same, and the pressure difference at the same location in different models was not different. In the crosswind environment, the pressure amplitude of the vehicle body floor calculated by the traditional method is slightly larger than the calculated results of the frame type and the slab track model.