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最后一讲我们来谈谈提高喷锚支护可靠性的几个问题。一、井巷硐室工程的整体稳定性整体稳定性主要指区域稳定性和山体稳定性。区域稳定性着重于地震、活动断层及其对工程稳定性的影响。从辽南地震后对南芬选矿厂泄水硐工程喷锚支护的观察,及唐山地震后对开滦煤矿井下喷锚支护的调查来看,地震对井下工程的破坏远较地面为小。一般说来,喷锚支护的抗地震性能较强,但对于处在断裂发育,特别是与发震构造平面平行的断裂带,附近的喷锚支护工程,必须予以加强。活断层对区域稳定性有严重影响,竖井和大型硐室等主要工程应尽可能避开活断层带。此外,还应考虑区域应力场的情况,特别对冶金矿山深埋的地下巷道影响颇大。一些矿山巷道变形破坏的资料表
Finally, let us talk about some issues to improve the reliability of spray anchor support. First, the overall stability of the shaft chamber project overall stability refers to the regional stability and mountain stability. Regional stability focuses on earthquakes, active faults and their impact on the stability of the project. After observing the shotcrete and bolt support of the Nanfen Concentrator Drainage Cave Project after the Liaonan Earthquake and the investigation of the shotcrete and bolt support to the Kailuan coal mine after the Tangshan earthquake, the damage of the earthquake to the underground engineering is far smaller than the ground . In general, shotcrete and rock bolt support has strong anti-seismic performance, but the shotcrete and bolting support project near the fracture development, especially parallel to the seismogenic structure plane, must be strengthened. The active faults have a serious impact on the stability of the area. Major projects such as shafts and large chambers should avoid the active fault zones as much as possible. In addition, the regional stress field should also be taken into consideration, especially for underground tunnels buried deep in metallurgical mines. Some mine roadway deformation damage information table