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选用穗部性状典型的６个普通小麦（Ｔ．ａｅｓｔｉｖｕｍＬ．）材料，采用６×６不完全双列杂交法分析了穗长、结实小穗数、小穗粒数、穗粒数、千粒重和单穗重的杂种优势、配合力、遗传模型及适宜的选择世代。结果表明，千粒重、穗长、穗粒数及单穗重具有较高的杂种优势；穗长、结实小穗数、穗粒数和单穗重一般配合力高，前２个性状在Ｆ＿２～Ｆ＿３代选择有效，后２个性状在Ｆ＿４～Ｆ＿５代选择有效；每小穗粒数和千粒重特殊配合力高，在Ｆ＿６～Ｆ＿７代选择有效；６性状遗传均符合加性－显性模型。此外，８４加７９与Ｖ８１６４柱部性状协调，一般配合力高，可作为大穗材料在育种中应用。
Six typical wheat (T.aestivum L.) cultivars with typical panicle traits were selected to study the relationship between panicle length, number of spikelets, number of spikelets, number of spikes per panicle, Panicle Heterosis, Combining Ability, Genetic Models and Proper Selection of Generations. The results showed that 1000 - grain weight, spike length, number of grains per spike and single panicle weight had higher heterosis. The spike length, number of spikelets, number of spikelets per panicle and single ear weight had the highest combining ability. The first two traits were between F_2 ~ F_3 The selection of two effective traits was effective in F_4 ~ F_5 generation. The grain yield per spikelet and 1000-grain weight were high, which were effective in F_6 ~ F_7 generation selection. 6 The inheritance of traits conformed to additive-dominance model. In addition, 84 plus 79 and V8164 column character coordination, the general with high, can be used as a large spike material in breeding applications.