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译者说明:托马斯·施莱雷恩(Thomas J.Schlereth)将1876年迄今的美国物质文化研究分为三个阶段,即搜集时代(1876~1948年)、描述时代(1948~1965年)及分析时代(1965~至今)。搜集时代的学者将物质文化研究作为研究历史的辅助手段,注重搜集品的精美,注意对艺术特征的研究。他们主要搜集、抢救、保护、储藏最时髦的、罕见的、或精美的人工制品。他们认为这些物品是艺术品,即由艺术家创作的艺术品;描述时代的研究人员则热衷于鉴赏,进行物品的类型分析,并注重对美国文化特点的研究,他们着手建立描述性的人工制品的形式、
Translator’s Note: Thomas J. Schlereth divided the study of American material culture from 1876 to the present into three stages, namely, the Era (1876-1948), the Era (1948-1965) and Analysis of the era (1965 ~ so far). The scholar in the era of collection regards the study of material culture as an aid to the study of history, pays attention to the exquisite collection of products, and pays attention to the study of artistic features. They mainly collect, rescue, protect, store the most fashionable, rare, or exquisite artifacts. They consider the objects as works of art, that is, works of art created by artists. Researchers describing the age are keen on appreciating, analyzing the types of objects and paying attention to the study of the cultural characteristics of the United States. They set out to create descriptive artifacts form,