目的总结同时性食管多原发癌的外科治疗。方法回顾性分析47例同时性食管多原发癌患者的临床及病理资料,随访其预后。结果 47例同时性食管多原发癌占同期食管癌患者的2.15%(47/2189);术前确诊18例(38.3%)。患者全部经手术治疗,无死亡病例。淋巴结转移阳性32例。获得术后随访33例,其1、2和3年生存率分别为81.8%、45.5%和36.4%。结论同时性食管多原发癌术前诊断率较低。为改善患者的预后,手术中需仔细探查食管内膜,合理选择食管切除范围,规范淋巴结清扫。 Objective To summarize the surgical treatment of multiple primary esophageal cancer. Methods The clinical and pathological data of 47 patients with multiple primary esophageal cancer were retrospectively analyzed. The prognosis was followed up. Results 47 cases of concurrent esophageal and multiple primary cancer accounted for 2.15% (47/2189) of patients with esophageal cancer in the same period; 18 cases were diagnosed preoperatively (38.3%). All patients were surgically treated, no deaths. Positive lymph node metastasis in 32 cases. Thirty-three patients were followed up for 1, 2, and 3 years. The survival rates were 81.8%, 45.5% and 36.4% respectively. Conclusions Simultaneous esophageal and multiple primary cancers have a low preoperative diagnosis rate. In order to improve the prognosis of patients, esophageal intima must be carefully explored in the operation, the scope of esophagectomy should be properly selected, and the lymph node dissection should be regulated.