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在利用XRD、XRF、SEM等微观测试手段分析了拜耳法赤泥的化学成分、矿物组成和微观结构的基础上,通过无侧限抗压强度实验、固结排水三轴剪切实验研究了拜耳法赤泥在不同水力路径条件下其强度特性的变化规律;同时通过非饱和土瞬态水力特性循环实验系统对拜耳法赤泥的水力学特性进行了研究。研究表明:含水率的变化对拜耳法赤泥的强度特性有较大程度的影响,在脱水干燥过程中,其抗压强度和抗剪强度指标均有较大程度的增长;拜耳法赤泥具有遇水崩解现象,已干燥硬化的赤泥会遇水崩解,强度指标明显降低,且在较低应变处即发生脆性破坏;拜耳法赤泥的土-水特征曲线和渗透系数特征曲线均展现出明显的滞后效应,说明拜耳法赤泥对水有较大的敏感性,在降雨条件影响下,拜耳法赤泥堆体的稳定性有一定程度的降低。
Based on the analysis of chemical composition, mineral composition and microstructure of Bayer process red mud by means of microscopic test such as XRD, XRF and SEM, uniaxial shear tests of unconfined compressive strength, Law of red mud under different hydraulic conditions of its strength characteristics of variation; at the same time through the unsaturated soil transient hydraulic characteristics of the experimental system of Bayer red mud hydraulic properties were studied. The results show that: the change of water content has a great influence on the strength characteristics of Bayer process red mud, and the compressive strength and shear strength index of dehydration drying process have a greater degree of growth; Bayer red mud has In the event of water disintegration, the red mud that has been dried and hardened will disintegrate with water, the strength index will obviously decrease, and the brittle failure will occur at lower strain. The soil-water characteristic curve and the permeability coefficient curve of Bayer red mud Showing obvious hysteresis effect, indicating Bayer method red mud has a greater sensitivity to water, under the influence of rainfall conditions, the stability of Bayer red mud piles to a certain extent.