[Objective] To research on the changes of total polysaccharides content and plant morphology in the 1- to 5-year-old stems of Panax quinquefolius L.,which were harvested from May to September in Canada. [Methods]Plant morphological characteristics(length,diameter,dry weight and fresh weight) of the stems of P. quinquefolius with different growth years in different collection months were detected;and the dry rate was calculated. Total polysaccharides content in the stems of P. quinquefolius was detected by UV spectrophotometry; and DPS2000 was used for data analysis. [Results]Plant morphological characteristics of the stems of P. quinquefolius showed a increasing trend as the growth years and harvest period prolonged. dry rates of P. quinquefolius stems with different growth years had significant differences(P=0.013 1 <0.05),which were in the order of one-year-old stems(0.348) > two-year-old stems(0.296) > five-year-old stems(0.202) >four-year-old stems(0. 174) > three-year-old stems(0. 164). dry rates of P. quinquefolius stems in different harvest periods showed extremely significant differences(P = 0. 005 8 < 0. 01),which were in the order of July > May > June > August > September. Total polysaccharides contents of P. quinquefolius stems had extremely significant changes in different growth years(P = 0. 000 0 < 0. 01),which were in the order of two-year-old stems(30. 818 mg /g) > one-year-old stems(28. 172 mg /g) > three-year-old stems(26. 642 mg /g) > four-year-old stems(24.89 mg/g) > five-year-old stems(19.492 mg/g). Total polysaccharides contents of P. quinquefolius stems also had extremely significant changes in different harvest periods(P = 0. 000 0 < 0. 01),which were in the order of June > July > August > May > September. Content of total polysaccharides had little correlation with the dry rate. Therefore,the content of total polysaccharides could not be judged by the dry rate of the stems of P. quinquefolius. [Conclusions]The stem yield and polysaccharides content of P. quinquefolius were both at a relatively high level. Therefore,it was suggested that the stems of P. quinquefolius could be used as the extraction raw materials of total polysaccharides,considering from the angle of comprehensive utilization of P. quinquefolius. [Objective] To research on the changes of total polysaccharides content and plant morphology in the 1- to 5-year-old stems of Panax quinquefolius L., which were harvested from May to September in Canada. [Methods] Plant morphological characteristics (length , diameter, dry weight and fresh weight) of the stems of P. quinquefolius with different growth years in different collection months were detected; and the dry rate was calculated. Total polysaccharides content in the stems of P. quinquefolius was detected by UV spectrophotometry; and the DPS2000 was used for data analysis. [Results] Plant morphological characteristics of the stems of P. quinquefolius showed a increasing trend as the growth years and harvest period prolonged. dry rates of P. quinquefolius stems with different growth years had significant differences (P = 0.013 1 <0.05), which were in the order of one-year-old stems (0.348)> two-year-old stems (0.296)> five-year-old stems 0. 174)> three-year-old stems (0. 164). Dry rates of P. quinquefolius stems in different harvest periods showed extremely significant differences (P = 0. 005 8 <0.1), which were in the order of July> May> June> August> September. of P. quinquefolius stems had extremely significant changes in different growth years (P = 0.000 0 <0.01), which were in the order of two-year-old stems (30.818 mg / g)> one-year -old stems (28.172 mg / g)> three-year-old stems (26.62 mg / g)> four-year-old stems g). Total polysaccharides contents of P. quinquefolius stems also had extremely significant changes in different harvest periods (P = 0.000 0 <0. 01), which were in the order of June> July> August> May> September. Content of total polysaccharides had little correlation with the dry rate. Thus, the content of total polysaccharides could not be judged by the dry rate of the stems of P. quinquefolius. [Conclusions] The stem yield and polysaccharidescontent of P. quinquefolius were both at a relatively high level. Thus, it was suggested that the stems of P. quinquefolius could be used as the extraction raw materials of total polysaccharides, considering from the angle of comprehensive utilization of P. quinquefolius.