研制了一种具有动态传感功能的碳纤维/树脂智能层,可用于结构的应变模态诊断。通过不同加载频率下的单向拉伸实验揭示了这种智能材料对低频动态载荷的响应能力,并理论分析了动态响应误差的影响因素。在此基础上将碳纤维/环氧树脂智能层连续敷设于悬臂梁结构表面代替传统的点式应变片,进行应变模态测试。测试结果表明,碳纤维/环氧树脂智能层可以较精确地反映结构的前三阶固有频率,并较好地表征结构的前三阶应变模态振型。对悬臂梁局部附加质量后重新进行了模态试验,结果表明:附加质量后,智能层反映的结构固有频率显著下降;同时,在附加质量所在的节点位置,智能层反映的应变模态振型有突变产生,说明智能层所表征的应变模态对结构物性参数变化具有识别能力,采用智能层与采用应变片的实验结果一致。此外,基于碳纤维/树脂智能层的可覆盖性,采用有限的测点全面捕捉了结构的应变模态信息,并在测试中通过在可疑区域内逐步增加测点,实现了结构物性参数变化的定位。 A carbon fiber / resin smart layer with dynamic sensing function was developed, which can be used to diagnose the strain mode of structure. Uniaxial tensile tests at different loading frequencies reveal the ability of the smart material to respond to low-frequency dynamic loads and theoretically analyze the influence factors of dynamic response errors. On this basis, the carbon fiber / epoxy smart layer is continuously laid on the surface of the cantilever structure instead of the traditional point strain gauge, and the strain mode test is conducted. The test results show that the carbon fiber / epoxy intelligent layer can reflect the first three natural frequencies of the structure more accurately and characterize the first three modes of mode structure. Modal tests were carried out on the cantilever beam with local mass addition. The results show that the natural frequency of the structure reflected by the intelligent layer decreases significantly when the additional mass is added. Meanwhile, at the node where the additional mass is located, There are abrupt changes, indicating that the smart layer characterizes the strain mode identification of structural parameters of the ability to change, the use of smart layer and the use of strain gage experimental results are consistent. In addition, based on the coverage of the smart layer of carbon fiber / resin, a finite number of measuring points are used to fully capture the strain mode information of the structure, and the change of structure property parameters is achieved by gradually increasing the measuring points in the suspicious area during the test .