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目的核实疫情,调查疫情发生的原因,找出可能的危险因素,提出防制建议,控制疫情蔓延。方法开展现况调查,调查发病和学生饮食饮水情况,收集实验室检测结果;开展病例对照调查,在符合条件的病例中选取30份为调查对象,按1∶1比例随机选取与被选取病例同校同班的无症状学生,找出可能的危险因素。结果2007年12月19日至2008年1月5日共发生病例120例,总罹患率为8.6%,学生发病117例,罹患率为8.9%,初中和小学学生罹患率分别为10.2%,7.9%,差异无统计学意义(χ2=2.08,P>0.05);另有3名教职工发病,罹患率为3.5%。22例从粪便中检测出福氏志贺菌(4a型);喝生水为危险因素(OR=3.0,95%CI:1.1～7.6),使用2号井水OR=3.2,95%CI:1.2～8.6,使用3号井水OR=2.0,95%CI:1.0～3.7。结论本次疫情为一起福氏志贺菌(4a型)感染所致的水源性菌痢暴发流行,使用2号和3号井水是本次疫情暴发的因素。
Objective To verify the epidemic, investigate the causes of the outbreak, identify possible risk factors, propose prevention and control measures and control the spread of the epidemic. Methods To carry out the investigation of current situation, investigate the incidence and diet of drinking water of students, collect laboratory test results; carry out case-control survey, select 30 cases of eligible cases as survey subjects, randomly selected according to the ratio of 1: 1 and selected cases Asymptomatic students in their class, identify possible risk factors. Results A total of 120 cases occurred from December 19, 2007 to January 5, 2008, with a total attack rate of 8.6%, 117 cases of students and an attack rate of 8.9%. The prevalence rates of junior high school and primary school students were 10.2%, 7.9 %, The difference was not statistically significant (χ2 = 2.08, P> 0.05); another three teachers and workers, the attack rate was 3.5%. 22 cases of Shigella flexneri was detected from feces (type 4a); drinking raw water was a risk factor (OR = 3.0, 95% CI: 1.1 ~ 7.6) 1.2 ~ 8.6, using well number 3 OR = 2.0, 95% CI: 1.0 ~ 3.7. Conclusion The outbreak was a watery bacillary dysentery outbreak caused by Shigella flexneri (type 4a) infection. The use of well water No. 2 and No. 3 was the factor of the outbreak.