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序言70年代中期,由于血管内皮细胞在体外培养成功,对血管内皮细胞的结构和功能有了进一步的认识。血管内皮细胞的主要作用之一是阻碍凝血酶的形成和血小板在管腔表面的粘附。直到目前,仍然认为血小板粘附和纤维蛋白的形成仅发生在血管内皮单层细胞受损的部位。研究结果表明,事实并非如此。在正常情况下,血管内皮细胞不利于血小板粘附或凝血连锁反应的活化;但是内皮细胞处于不断被激惹的状态,为了维持一个抗凝、抗血栓的内表面,内皮细胞通过三条途径以控制凝血连锁反应。此外,内皮细胞合成不饱和脂酸的脂氧合酶和环氧合酶也起着抗血栓的介导作用,归结如下:
Preamble In the mid-1970s, as endothelial cells were successfully cultured in vitro, the structure and function of vascular endothelial cells have been further recognized. One of the major roles of vascular endothelial cells is to hinder the formation of thrombin and the adhesion of platelets to the luminal surface. Until now, platelet adhesion and fibrin formation were still thought to occur only at sites damaged by vascular endothelial monolayers. The results show that this is not the case. Under normal circumstances, endothelial cells are not conducive to the activation of platelet adhesion or coagulation chain reaction; but the endothelial cells in a state of constant irritation, in order to maintain an anticoagulant, antithrombotic inner surface, endothelial cells by three ways to control Clotting reaction. In addition, lipoxygenase and cyclooxygenase, which synthesize unsaturated fatty acids by endothelial cells, also act as antithrombotic agents and are summarized as follows: