学生最迫切需要学习、掌握的母语知识是什么?这里只就词汇、语法方面说些意见。就词汇、语法方面说,学生最需要的是两方面的知识,一是词语选择和句式选择方面的知识,一是有关虚词的知识;此外,还需初步具备一些分析句子结构的基本技能。词语的选择,包括在某个上下文里该用哪个词语、不该用哪个词语以 What is the most urgent need for students to learn and master the knowledge of their mother tongue? We will only give some opinions on vocabulary and grammar. In terms of vocabulary and grammar, what students need most is knowledge in two aspects: first, knowledge about the choice of words and sentence patterns; first, the knowledge about the words; in addition, some basic skills for analyzing the structure of sentences are needed. The choice of words, including which words should be used in a context, which words should not be used