前言任何一个有机体要正常生存,其染色体基因组和细胞质基因组需要取得平衡。因此细胞质基因组的不可缺少并关系着植物育种的成败,也就是很自然的了。自从孟德尔遗传学创立以来,尽管某些学者曾经或现在仍然对细胞质的遗传效应表示怀疑,但是越来越多的实验证明,细胞质基因组具有自主或半自主的遗传性质,在决定遗传性状时,细胞质不但可以影响生物遗传的表现,并且可以改良细胞核的遗传性。近年来,随着植物细胞质雄性不育性的发现和在作物育种上的成功运用,细胞质遗传现象在理论研究和植物育种方面展现出广阔的前景,从而引起了国内外科学工作者的密切关注。 Foreword Any organism needs to survive normally and its chromosomal and cytoplasmic genomes need to be balanced. Therefore, the cytoplasmic genome is indispensable and relates to the success of plant breeding, it is natural. Since the establishment of Mendelian genetics, although some scholars have expressed or suspected that the cytoplasmic genetic effects have been or are still present, more and more experiments have proved that the cytoplasmic genome has autonomous or semi-autonomous genetic properties. In determining the genetic traits, Cytoplasm can not only affect the performance of biological heredity, and can improve the nuclear inheritance. In recent years, along with the discovery of plant cytoplasmic male sterility and its successful application in crop breeding, cytoplasmic genetic phenomena have shown broad prospects in theoretical research and plant breeding, which has aroused close attention of scientists at home and abroad.