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为比较中华绒螯蟹育种群体与野生群体后代的生长发育,在生态池塘中放置网箱开展了中华绒螯蟹养殖实验,按照亲本来源和规格不同设置3个处理,处理A:育种群体后代,母本质量为(150.39±5.82)g,父本质量为(300.23±9.61)g;处理B、C:野生群体后代,母本质量分别为(150.47±6.28)g和(250.33±8.68)g,父本质量均为(300.56±10.27)g。每个处理设4个平行,每个网箱放养中华绒螯蟹500只,以水花生为隐蔽物,从大眼幼体开始养殖,保持生长环境相同且适宜生长。经过158 d的养殖,处理A、B和C的体质量分别增长1273.00、1258.17和1363.95倍。长成蟹种后综合指标最佳的是处理C,处理C的体质量、壳长和壳宽显著优于A和B(P<0.05)。处理A平均成活率最高,分别较B和C高1.40%和3.00%。综合研究表明:大规格野生母本后代生长性状优于小规格野生母本后代与小规格育种母本后代,存在母本效应。育种群体较野生群体更能适应池塘水体养殖环境。
In order to compare the growth and development of the mitten crab breeding population and wild population progeny, cages were cultured in ecological ponds to carry out the experiment of Chinese mitten crab breeding. According to the sources and specifications of the parents, three treatments were set up to deal with A: The female parent mass was (150.39 ± 5.82) g and the male parent mass was (300.23 ± 9.61) g. The female parent mass was (150.47 ± 6.28) g and (250.33 ± 8.68) g, The paternal quality was (300.56 ± 10.27) g. Each treatment set 4 parallel, each cage stocking 500 Chinese mitten crabs, water peanuts as a hidden object, starting from the large octopus farming, to maintain the same growth environment and suitable for growth. After 158 days of culture, the body weights of treatments A, B and C increased by 1273.00, 1258.17 and 1363.95 times respectively. The best comprehensive index of long-crab species was C, and the body length and shell width of C were significantly better than that of A and B (P <0.05). The average survival rate of treatment A was the highest, respectively 1.40% and 3.00% higher than that of B and C. Comprehensive studies have shown that the growth characteristics of large-size wild female offspring are better than those of the small-size wild female offspring and the small-sized breeding female offspring. Breeding groups are better adapted to pond aquaculture environment than wild populations.