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目的探讨采用经支气管镜介入治疗大气道肿瘤所致气管狭窄治疗效果。方法经支气管镜冷冻、高频电切(圈套器)、氩气刀及支架置入方法,治疗20例大气道肿瘤所致气管狭窄,并与治疗前进行比较,观察治疗效果。结果 20例患者经支气管镜下冷冻、高频电刀(圈套器)、氩气刀、气管支架植入术治疗,其中完全有效11例(55%),部分有效7例(35%),轻度有效2例(10%),总有效率为100%。治疗后患者咳嗽、气短、呼吸困难得到不同程度的缓解,阻塞性肺炎及肺不张全部好转。结论经支气管镜介入治疗大气道肿瘤所致气管狭窄,可快速使肿瘤体积缩小,气管管腔重新通畅,临床症状得以改善,生活质量明显提高。经气管镜介入治疗大气道肿瘤,治疗效果显著,治疗方法比较安全。对于气管内肿瘤以冷冻、高频电刀(圈套器)和氩气刀治疗为主,部分使用气管支架。对于管腔外压性狭窄,只有使用气管支架置入。
Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of tracheal stenosis caused by bronchoscopic interventional therapy of airway tumors. Methods Twenty patients with tracheal stenosis caused by airway tumor were treated with bronchoscopy, high-frequency electrosurgical excision, argon knife and stent implantation. The results were compared with those before treatment to observe the therapeutic effect. Results Twenty patients underwent bronchoscopic surgery with high-frequency electrosurgical unit (snare), argon knife and tracheal stent implantation, of which 11 (55%) were effective and 7 (35%) were partially effective Degree of effective in 2 cases (10%), the total effective rate was 100%. After treatment, patients cough, shortness of breath, difficulty breathing to varying degrees, obstructive pneumonia and atelectasis all improved. Conclusions Bronchoscopic interventional treatment of tracheal stenosis caused by airway tumors can rapidly reduce the size of the tumor and reopen the tracheal lumen. The clinical symptoms are improved and the quality of life is significantly improved. Tracheoscopic interventional treatment of airway tumors, the treatment effect is significant, the treatment is relatively safe. For intratracheal tumors with frozen, high-frequency electric knife (snare) and argon knife-based treatment, the use of tracheal stent. For extraluminal stenosis, only the use of tracheal stent placement.