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空间薄膜反射镜属于未来空间超大、超轻的反射镜,可以有效减少发射质量和装载体积。环境温度变化将影响薄膜反射镜的焦距和面形。利用有限元软件建立温度对薄膜反射镜成形影响的计算模型,分析了均匀温度变化、径向温度梯度、周向温度梯度3种形式下薄膜反射镜面形变化。以口径Ф300 mm的静电拉伸薄膜反射镜为实验平台,针对均匀温度变化情况进行试验,根据分析结果归纳了温度变化影响补偿的方法。结果表明:相比传统光学元件,温度轻微变化给薄膜反射镜的焦距和面形带来明显变化,均匀温度变化对薄膜反射镜的焦距影响最大,而周向温度梯度对面形影响最大,试验结果验证了有限元模型的正确性。
Space thin-film reflector belongs to the future of large space, ultra-light reflector, can effectively reduce the launch quality and loading volume. Changes in ambient temperature will affect the focal length and surface profile of the film mirror. The finite element software is used to establish the calculation model of the influence of temperature on the forming of thin film reflector. The change of the shape of the thin film reflector under uniform temperature, radial temperature gradient and circumferential temperature gradient is analyzed. Taking the diameter of Ф300 mm electrostatic stretching film mirror as the experimental platform, the experiment was carried out according to the change of the uniform temperature. According to the analysis results, the compensation method of temperature change was summarized. The results show that compared with the traditional optical components, slight changes in temperature bring significant changes to the focal length and surface area of the film mirror. The uniform temperature change has the greatest influence on the focal length of the film mirror while the circumferential temperature gradient has the most significant effect on the surface area. The correctness of the finite element model is verified.