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短篇小说是一种优美而通俗的体裁。在欧美,这种体裁虽然出现快二百年了,但却一直受到文艺理论家的冷落。这一体裁到底源于何时,以及何谓短篇小说,至今尚无定论。但有四位大名鼎鼎的作家——华盛顿·欧文(Washington Irving),纳撒尼尔·霍桑(Nathaniel Hawthorne)、尼古拉·果戈里(Nikolai Gogol)和埃德加·爱伦·坡(Edgar Allan Poe)——都一度被认为是最早使用这一体裁写作的作家。至于其定义,大多数文艺理论家认可的是:短篇小说是一种以印象统一和结构严谨为特征的短的散文体虚构作品。“短”是一个非常具体而又很难下定义的词。短篇小说作家们并不在乎文艺理论家怎么说,他们年复一年地创作出
Short stories are a beautiful and popular genre. In Europe and the United States, this genre, although appearing almost two hundred years old, has been left out by literary theorists. The origin of this genre, and what is short story, is still inconclusive. But there are four famous writers - Washington Irving, Nathaniel Hawthorne, Nikolai Gogol and Edgar Allan Poe ( Edgar Allan Poe) - was once considered the first writer to use this genre. As for its definition, what most literary theorists endorse is that short stories are short fictional works of fiction that are characterized by unification of images and rigorous structure. “Short ” is a very specific and very difficult to define the word. Short story writers do not care how literary theorists say they create year after year