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目的探讨急性毒鼠强中毒诊断与治疗的方案。方法回顾性总结分析本院44例毒鼠强中毒病例的临床特点、血或尿或洗胃液的毒物检测结果、诊断与鉴别诊断要点以及治疗方案和预后等资料。结果毒鼠强中毒主要临床表现为阵发性抽搐;44例的血或尿或洗胃液标本均检出毒鼠强,是确诊主要依据;采用减少毒物吸收、促进排泄、抗惊厥、血液净化及对症等治疗措施,均治愈;随访病例发现毒鼠强在体内可残留近3年。结论血、尿、洗胃液毒鼠强含量是毒鼠强中毒诊断的特异指标;抽搐、昏迷等临床表现可作为诊断分级参考指标;及时进行综合性治疗是抢救成功的关键。
Objective To investigate the diagnosis and treatment of acute tetramine poisoning. Methods Retrospective analysis of 44 cases of tetramine poisoning in our hospital clinical features, blood or urine or gastric lavage poison test results, diagnosis and differential diagnosis points and treatment options and prognosis and other data. Results The main clinical manifestations of tetramine poisoning were paroxysmal convulsions. Forty-four samples of blood or urine or gastric lavage fluid were found to be strong tetramine, which was the main basis for diagnosis. The drug was used to reduce excretion, anticonvulsant, blood purification and Symptoms and other treatment measures were cured; follow-up cases found that tetramine strong residues in the body for nearly 3 years. Conclusions The strong content of blood poisoning, urinary and gastric lavage fluid in rats is a specific indicator for the diagnosis of tetramine poisoning. The clinical manifestations such as convulsions and coma can be used as a reference for diagnosis and classification. The timely and comprehensive treatment is the key to successful treatment.