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目的 :了解2013年江苏省恶性肿瘤死亡情况及其所致潜在寿命损失特征,为肿瘤的预防提供依据。方法 :通过江苏省死因监测系统搜集2013年恶性肿瘤的死亡个案信息,利用从公安部门获取的人口学信息,计算死亡率、标化死亡率、潜在减寿年数(potential years of life lost,PYLL)和标化潜在减寿年数(standardized potential years of life lost,SPYLL)等指标,评价恶性肿瘤的死亡和早死负担及其人群分布特征。结果:2013年恶性肿瘤导致死亡135 236例,占2013年总死亡人数的29.38%,男、女分别为86 736、48 500例。恶性肿瘤死亡率和标化死亡率分别为196.80/10万和111.59/10万,死亡率男女比为1.77,城乡比为0.95。死亡率前5位依次为肺癌、胃癌、食管癌、肝癌和结直肠肛门癌,占全部恶性肿瘤的75.10%。恶性肿瘤所致PYLL和SPYLL分别为788 367和582 620.68人年,PYLLR男女比为1.78,城乡比为0.93,PYLL前5位依次为肝癌、肺癌、胃癌、食管癌和白血病,女性中乳腺癌取代食管癌处第4位。结论:导致全人群死亡和早死的主要恶性肿瘤为肺癌、胃癌、食管癌、肝癌、结直肠肛门癌和白血病,以及女性乳腺癌。对于恶性肿瘤死亡率和潜在减寿率,男性远高于女性、农村居民略高于城市居民。应针对重点癌种和人群,开展相关预防干预措施。
Objective: To understand the death of malignant tumor in Jiangsu Province in 2013 and its potential loss of life characteristics, to provide a basis for the prevention of cancer. Methods: The information of death cases of malignant tumors in 2013 was collected through Jiangsu cause-of-death monitoring system. Mortality, standardized mortality, potential years of life lost (PYLL) were calculated by using the demographic information obtained from the public security department. And standardized potential years of life lost (SPYLL) and other indicators, the assessment of cancer mortality and premature death burden and its distribution characteristics of the population. Results: A total of 135 236 deaths were caused by malignant tumors in 2013, accounting for 29.38% of the total deaths in 2013, with 86,736,48,500 men and women respectively. Malignant tumor mortality rate and the standardization were 196.80 / 100,000 and 111.59 / 100,000, the mortality rate of 1.77 for men and women, urban-rural ratio was 0.95. The top five deaths were lung cancer, gastric cancer, esophageal cancer, liver cancer and colorectal cancer, accounting for 75.10% of all malignant tumors. Malignant tumors caused PYLL and SPYLL were 788367 and 582 620.68 person-years, PYLLR male to female ratio was 1.78, urban-rural ratio was 0.93, the top 5 PYLL followed by liver cancer, lung cancer, gastric cancer, esophageal cancer and leukemia, breast cancer in women to replace Esophageal cancer at the 4th. CONCLUSIONS: The major malignancies that cause death and premature death in the entire population are lung cancer, gastric cancer, esophageal cancer, liver cancer, colorectal anorexia and leukemia, and breast cancer in women. For cancer mortality and potential life expectancy, men are much higher than women, with rural residents slightly above urban residents. Relevant preventive interventions should be conducted for key cancers and people.