对于“有效教学”的认识,一般存在三种认识论的见解:一是通过传递形成认识的、重视记忆的见解。它把教育简单化地归结为一种“教化”或是“训练”了。二是重视思考力培养的见解。这种见解着眼于思考活动的活跃化,特别是问题解决式的创造性 For the understanding of “effective teaching”, there are generally three types of epistemological insights: First, the formation of understanding and memory-oriented insights through communication. It simply categorizes education as a kind of “education” or “training.” The second is the emphasis on the development of insights. This insight focuses on the revitalization of thinking activities, especially the problem-solving creativity.