改革开放特别是社会主义市场经济体制的改革目标确立以来,我国社会生活中出现了一种具有普遍意义的热点问题:不仅社会居民的收入差距较大,而且出现了比较严重的社会分配不公问题。围绕这一现象,理论界进行了深入探讨。为了把研究引向深入,有必要从方法论角度对目前学术界的争论做一总结,以寻求问题的最终解决方法。一近几年来关于居民收入差距的探讨形成了两种流派,即两种思路。功能主义与冲突理论 Since the goal of reform and opening up, especially the reform of the socialist market economy, has been established, there has been a hot issue of general significance in our social life: not only the income gap between social residents is relatively large, but also the more serious social problem of unfair distribution. Around this phenomenon, theorists have conducted in-depth discussions. In order to deepen the research, it is necessary to summarize the current academic debate from a methodological point of view, in order to find the final solution to the problem. In recent years, the discussion on the income gap among residents has formed two schools of thought, namely, two kinds of thinking. Functionalism and Conflict Theory