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强震前在震区及其周围出现明显的浅层地温升高异常是一种普遍现象．目前已有的几种机理解释虽均可以各自找到某些方面的证据，但都存在一些矛盾．本文通过理论分析、实测资料对比并结合岩石力学实验结果，提出了一种“应力－耗散热”地温前兆机理模式．其主要观点为：地壳应力场对岩土介质非弹性变形做功所产生的耗散热，可能是震前地温上升的主要原因之一，其中地震中期阶段的区域性、趋势性地温升高，主要与区域应力场强化因素密切相关；而地震短临阶段的突发性地温升高，则主要与震前震源区应力场剧烈变化调整因素密切相关．由于土层远较岩石层容易产生塑性变形耗散热，所以震前的地温异常应在土层覆盖地区表现得最为明显，且主要集中在浅层土层内，形成所谓的“热罩”现象．
Before the strong earthquake in the earthquake area and its surrounding obvious obvious shallow ground temperature anomaly is a common phenomenon. Although there are several explanations of mechanisms that can be found in some aspects of evidence, but there are some contradictions. In this paper, through theoretical analysis, comparison of measured data and experimental results of rock mechanics, a mechanism model of “stress-dissipative heat” geothermal precursor is proposed. The main viewpoints are as follows: The dissipation heat generated by the crustal stress field on the inelastic deformation of geomaterials may be one of the main reasons for the increase of ground temperature before earthquakes. The regional and interdependent geothermal temperatures in the middle stage of the earthquake are mainly high Which is closely related to the strengthening factors of regional stress field. However, the sudden increase of ground temperature during the short-term and short-term earthquakes is mainly related to the adjustment factors of the dramatic changes in the stress field in the focal region before the earthquake. Since the soil layer is far more prone to plastic deformation and heat dissipation than the rock layer, the geothermal anomalies before the earthquake should be most obvious in the area covered by the soil, and they are mainly concentrated in the shallow soil layer, forming a so-called “hot dome” phenomenon.