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目的口腔干燥症是维持性血液透析(MHD)患者的常见并发症,明确MHD患者口腔干燥症的严重程度,并讨论与之相关的临床因素。方法采用横断面调查方法,运用口干渴程度评分表(XQ量表),对患者口干渴程度进行评分及分级,通过计算每种口干渴症状评分与总分的百分比,评价口干渴不同表现对患者的影响程度。分析XQ总分与透析龄、每周透析次数、当周每次平均脱水量及原发病的相关性。结果共收集76例MHD患者,仅6例无口干渴症状,占比7.89%,而70例患者具有口干渴症状,占比92.11%,其中轻、中度患者例数较多。量表中“为咽下干粮,吃含水量多的食物的概率”一项对口干渴的影响最大。口干渴程度与每周透析次数、当周每次平均脱水量、原发病等临床因素的相关性均无统计学意义,只与透析龄呈正相关。结论 MHD患者多数并发口干渴症状,以轻、中度为主,且对进食的影响较大。随着透析龄的增长,MHD患者出现口干渴的概率增加。
Purpose Xerophthalmia is a common complication of patients with maintenance hemodialysis (MHD), to determine the severity of xerostomia in patients with MHD and to discuss the clinical factors associated with it. Methods Cross-sectional survey method was used to score and classify the degree of thirstiness of the patients by using the mouth-thirst degree scale (XQ scale). The thirst symptom score of each mouth was calculated and the percentage of the total score was evaluated, Different performance on the degree of impact on patients. Analysis of XQ total score and dialysis age, the number of weekly dialysis, weekly average dehydration and the primary disease of the correlation. Results A total of 76 patients with MHD were collected, only 6 patients had no symptoms of mouth thirst, accounting for 7.89%, while 70 patients had oral thirst symptoms, accounting for 92.11%, of which mild and moderate cases were more. In the scale, “the probability of swallowing dry food and eating more water-rich foods” has the greatest impact on counterparty thirst. There was no significant correlation between the degree of thirst and the number of dialysis every week, the average amount of dehydration every week, the primary disease and other clinical factors, but only with dialysis age. Conclusions The majority of patients with MHD complicated with oral thirst symptoms, with mild to moderate predominance, and have a greater impact on eating. As the dialysis age increases, the probability of mouth thirst in MHD patients increases.