目的:对卫生保健预防中小学生的呼吸道传染病的效果进行分析。方法:2014年11月~2015年5月选取我镇任意2所中小学校的全体学生,其中一所学校为对照组(553例),另一所为观察组(586例),对照组不采用任何预防教育措施,观察组实施卫生保健,记录对比2组卫生保健知识熟悉情况和随访6个月后2组的呼吸道疾病传染率。结果:随访6个月后观察组呼吸道疾病传染率低于对照组,观察组卫生保健知识熟悉情况优于对照组,均具有统计学意义(p<0.05)。结论:卫生保健对中小学生呼吸道传染疾病的预防和控制效果显著,可降低传染率,提高学生传染病的预防意识。 Objective: To analyze the effect of health care on the prevention of respiratory infectious diseases in primary and secondary school students. Methods: From November 2014 to May 2015, we selected all the students in any two primary and secondary schools in our town. One of them was a control group (553 cases) and the other one was an observation group (586 cases). The control group did not use For any prevention education measures, the observation group conducted health care and recorded the familiarity between the two groups in knowledge of health care and the infection rate of respiratory diseases in the two groups after 6 months of follow-up. Results: After 6 months of follow-up, the infection rate of respiratory diseases in the observation group was lower than that of the control group. The knowledge of health care in the observation group was better than that of the control group (p <0.05). Conclusion: The preventive and control effects of health care on respiratory infectious diseases of primary and secondary school students are significant, which can reduce the infection rate and improve the prevention awareness of infectious diseases among the students.