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目的了解许昌市健康人群百日咳、白喉、破伤风免疫水平现状及百白破疫苗(DPT)免疫成功率,为制定DPT免疫策略提供依据。方法2015年5月对许昌市健康人群分8个年龄组抽取140名健康人群,用酶联免疫吸附实验(ELISA)检测血清中百日咳、白喉、破伤风抗体水平。免疫成功率监测选择未接种过DPT基础免疫的2月龄儿童30人作为观察对象,比较DPT基础免疫前后抗体水平及免疫成功率。结果调查140人,百日咳、白喉、破伤风的抗体阳性率分别为14.29%(20/140)、76.43%(107/140)、73.57%(103/140),不同年龄组百日咳、白喉、破伤风抗体阳性率差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01);完成DPT基础免疫(3次)后儿童百日咳、白喉、破伤风免疫成功率分别为3.33%、100.00%、100.00%。结论白喉、破伤风免疫效果良好,百日咳发病风险较高。
Objective To understand the immunization status of pertussis, diphtheria and tetanus in healthy population and the success rate of DPT immunization in healthy population in Xuchang, so as to provide basis for developing DPT immunization strategy. Methods In May, 2015, 140 healthy subjects were selected from 8 healthy subjects in Xuchang city. Serum levels of pertussis, diphtheria and tetanus were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Surveillance of immune success rateThirty-two-month-old children who did not receive DPT basic immunization were selected as the observation objects, and the antibody levels and immune success rate before and after basic DPT were compared. Results The positive rates of antibodies against pertussis, pertussis, diphtheria and tetanus were 14.29% (20/140), 76.43% (107/140) and 73.57% (103/140), respectively. Pertussis, diphtheria and tetanus were detected in different age groups (P <0.01). The successful immunization rates of pertussis, diphtheria and tetanus were 3.33%, 100.00% and 100.00% in children after DPT basic immunization (3 times). Conclusion Diphtheria and tetanus have good immunization effect and the risk of pertussis is high.