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1. accompany [??k?mp?ni] vt.
? 陪伴
I must accompany you to look at the star. 我要陪你一起看星星。
? 伴奏
accompany sb. at / on sth. （尤指用钢琴）为……伴奏
The singer was accompanied on the piano by her sister. 女歌手由她姐姐钢琴伴奏。
【考题链接】 Lightning usually ___thunder.
Key： accompanies
2. alarm [??lɑ：m] n.
? [C] 警报;警报器
The doorkeeper gave the alarm as soon as he saw the smoke. 守门人一看见冒烟就发出警报。
ring / sound the alarm 发出警报
Neighbors rang the alarm when they smelled smoke. 邻居闻到烟味便发出了警报。
? [U] 惊慌;惊恐
a sense of alarm 恐慌感
I felt a growing sense of alarm when he did not return that night. 那天夜里他没有回家，我的恐慌感油然而升。
? vt. 使惊恐;使害怕;使警觉
The captain knew there was an engine fault but didn’t want to alarm the passengers. 机长知道发动机出了故障，不过他不想惊动乘客。
派生词 （1） alarmed adj. 惊恐的;忧虑的
She was alarmed at the prospect of travelling alone. 她一想到独自旅行的情景就害怕。
（2） alarming adj. 令人惊慌的;令人忧虑的
The rainforests are disappearing at an alarming rate. 雨林正以惊人的速度消失。
【考题链接】 They were ___ by a sudden air attack.
Key： alarmed
3. bound [ba?nd]
? adj. （bind 的过去式和过去分词）被
束缚的
be bound to 被……束缚、绑住
She was bound to a chair. 她被捆在一把椅子上。
? 有义务的;受到约束的
I felt bound to tell you. 我觉得必须告诉你。
? 一定的;必定的
It’s bound to rain soon. 过会肯定下雨。
? [C] 跳;跳跃
in leaps and bounds 飞速地;突飞猛进
Jill’s making excellent progress; she’s coming along in leaps and bounds. 吉尔进步飞快，她正飞速赶上。
? vi. 跳;跳跃
The dog bounded away. 那条狗跳开了。
【考题链接】 The new discovery is ___ to be of great service to mankind.
Key： bound
4. declare [dI?kle?（r）] vt.
? 宣布;公布;宣告
The government has declared a state of emergency. 政府已宣布进入紧急状态。
? 表明;宣称
Few people dared to declare their opposition to the government. 很少有人敢宣稱他们反对这个政府。
易混辨析： declare， announce与state
declare宣布，注意指口头的，尤指官方的声明;announce公开宣布，通知，不一定正式;state陈述，声明，书面或演讲中正式表达。
【考题链接】 The government ___ a permanent ceasefire ten days ago.
Key： declared
5. desire [dI?zaI?（r）]
? [C， U] 渴望;欲望;渴求
desire for sth. ……的欲望 / 愿望
They seem to have lost their desire for life. 他们似乎已丧失了对生活的热望。
desire to do sth. 做……的欲望 / 愿望
Failure can increase my desire to succeed. 失败能够增强我获得成功的欲望。
[vt， vi] desire （sb.） to do sth. 渴望 / 期望（某人）做某事
Few people desire to live in the north of the country. 很少的人想住在这个国家的北方。 desire that... 从句要用虚拟语气，其谓语要用（should +） 动词原形形式。
易混辨析desire， request， wish与want
desire， request， wish， want都有“要求”
“渴望”之意，它们之间的关系是desire=want very much（非常想）=wish earnestly for（急切希望）=request formally（正式要求）。
【考题链接】 I had a strong ___ to help and care for people.
Key： desire
6. divorce [dI?v?：s] n.
? [C， U] 离婚
You should avoid mentioning his divorce. 你应该避免提及他离婚的事。
get a divorce from sb. 和……离婚
They have agreed to get a divorce. 他们同意离婚。
? [C] 分离;脱离
They advocated a complete divorce of government and religion. 他们主张政教完全分离。
? vt. 与……离婚;判……离婚
They’re getting divorced. 他们要离婚了。
be divorced from 与……离婚
The beautiful woman has been divorced from two husbands. 那位美貌的妇人已离过两次婚了。
? vt. 使分离;使脱离
They believe that art should be divorced from politics. 他们认为艺术应该与政治分开。
派生词 divorced adj. 离婚的;离异的
Many divorced men remarry and have second families. 许多离婚的男子再婚组成了新的家庭。
【考题链接】 I tried to get my life back on track after my ___.
Key： divorce
7. favor [?feIv?] n.
? [C] 帮助;好事;恩惠
do me a favor 帮我一个忙
Can you do me a favor and pick up Sam from school today？ 今天你能帮我个忙去学校接下萨姆吗？
? [U] 赞同;支持
The suggestion to close the road has found favor with the local people. 关闭这条路的建议已得到当地人的支持。
in favor of 赞同;支持
He argued in favor of a strike. 他据理力争主张罢工。
? vt. 喜爱;偏袒
Many countries favor a presidential system of government. 很多国家偏向选择总统制政府。
派生词 favorable adj. 赞成的;同意的;给人好印象的
She made a favorable impression on his parents. 她给他的父母留下了好印象。
【考题链接】 I can scarcely expect to hear of any ___ change.
Key： favorable
8. junior [?d?u：nI?（r）] adj.
? 地位（或职位、级别）低下的
She is junior to me. 她职位比我低。
? 年纪较轻的;较小的
be junior to 比……年少
The president was so young that he was junior to some of his employees. 总裁的年龄如此小以至于比他的一些雇员还小。
? [C] 职位较低者;低层次工作人员
Tom is office junior. 汤姆是办公室的低级职员。
? [C] 年少者
be ... years sb.’s junior 比某人小……岁
I am four years his junior. 我比他小四岁。
反义词senior
? adj. 级别高的
? [C] 年长者;级别较高者
The meeting should be hosted by the most senior person present. 会议应由在座職位最高的人主持。
【考题链接】 The move from elementary school to middle school or ___ high can be difficult.
Key： junior
9. obey [??beI]
? vt. 服从;顺从
He had always obeyed his parents without question. 他对父母一向绝对服从。 to obey a command / an order / rules / the law 服从指挥 / 命令 / 规章 / 法律
Remember to obey traffic rules. 记住要遵守交通规则。
? vi. 服从;听话
She obeyed， and cautiously opened the door. 她服从了，小心翼翼地打开门。
派生词 disobey vt. & vi. 不服从;不顺从
He was punished for disobeying orders. 他因违抗命令而受到惩罚。
Those who disobey will be severely punished. 违者严惩不贷。
【考题链接】 Any company doing business in any country has to ___ the law and regulations of that country.
Key： obey
10. staff [stɑ?f]
? [C]（+单动或复动）（全体）工作人员;职员
on our / the staff 作为我们的职员
It’s good to have you on the staff. 你能成为我们的职员真好。
? vt. 为……配备（职员）
be staffed with / by 配备了……人员
The refugee centre is staffed by / with volunteers. 难民中心主要由志愿者组成。
【考题链接】 He had the complete support of hospital ___.
Key： staff
11. state [steIt] n.
? [C] 状态;状况
state of mind 心境;思想状态
He seems to be in a rather confused state of mind. 他似乎处于相当混乱的思想状态。
? [C， U] 国家;政府
Should industry be controlled by the state？工业应该受到国家控制吗？
member state 成员国
France is one of the member states of the ELL. 法国是欧洲联盟成员国之一。
? [美国等的]州
The United States is composed of fifty states， two of which are separated from the others by land or water. 美国由50个州组成，其中两个被陆地或水与其它州分开。
? vt. 陈述;说明;声明
The witness stated that he had not seen the woman before. 该证人说他之前从未见过那个女人。
派生词statement n. [C， U] 陈述;声明
make a statement陈述;发表声明
He made a statement urging the public to cooperation. 他发表声明，要求公众给予配合。
【考题链接】 The leaders will also release a final ___ that is expected to say human activity causes some climate change.
Key： statement
12. sympathy [?sImp?θi] n.
? [C， U] 同情（心）
express / feel / have sympathy for sb. 同情某人
I have no sympathy for Jane， it’s all her own fault. 我不同情简，那都是她自己的错。
? [C， U] 赞同;支持
in sympathy with 赞同;支持
The seamen went on strike in sympathy with the dockers. 海员们举行罢工，以表示对码头工人的支持。
派生词 sympathetic adj. 同情的;表示同情的;出于同情的
I did not feel at all sympathetic towards Kate. 我对凯特一点也不同情。
【考题链接】 I received a certain amount of ___ after the attack.
Key： sympathy
13. talent [?t?l?nt] n.
? [C， U] 天才;天资;天赋
His talent for music becomes the envy of the other competitors. 他在音乐方面的天分让其对手感到羡慕。
talent （for sth. / for doing sth. ） …… /
做……的天赋
She showed considerable talent for getting what she wanted. 她很有天资，能够心想事成。
have a talent for sth. 对……有天赋
All children have a natural talent for language learning. 儿童对于语言学习向来有天赋。
? [C， U] 有才能的人;人才;天才
There is a wealth of young talent in British theatre. 英國戏剧界年轻一代人才辈出。
派生词talented adj. 有才能的;天才的
Howard is a talented pianist. 霍华德是个很有天分的钢琴家。
易混辨析talent与genius
talent指后天从模仿和训练得来的天才、天资;genius指天生的具有创造性、独特性的才能。
考题链接
He had seldom seen a child with so much ___.
Key： talent
? 陪伴
I must accompany you to look at the star. 我要陪你一起看星星。
? 伴奏
accompany sb. at / on sth. （尤指用钢琴）为……伴奏
The singer was accompanied on the piano by her sister. 女歌手由她姐姐钢琴伴奏。
【考题链接】 Lightning usually ___thunder.
Key： accompanies
2. alarm [??lɑ：m] n.
? [C] 警报;警报器
The doorkeeper gave the alarm as soon as he saw the smoke. 守门人一看见冒烟就发出警报。
ring / sound the alarm 发出警报
Neighbors rang the alarm when they smelled smoke. 邻居闻到烟味便发出了警报。
? [U] 惊慌;惊恐
a sense of alarm 恐慌感
I felt a growing sense of alarm when he did not return that night. 那天夜里他没有回家，我的恐慌感油然而升。
? vt. 使惊恐;使害怕;使警觉
The captain knew there was an engine fault but didn’t want to alarm the passengers. 机长知道发动机出了故障，不过他不想惊动乘客。
派生词 （1） alarmed adj. 惊恐的;忧虑的
She was alarmed at the prospect of travelling alone. 她一想到独自旅行的情景就害怕。
（2） alarming adj. 令人惊慌的;令人忧虑的
The rainforests are disappearing at an alarming rate. 雨林正以惊人的速度消失。
【考题链接】 They were ___ by a sudden air attack.
Key： alarmed
3. bound [ba?nd]
? adj. （bind 的过去式和过去分词）被
束缚的
be bound to 被……束缚、绑住
She was bound to a chair. 她被捆在一把椅子上。
? 有义务的;受到约束的
I felt bound to tell you. 我觉得必须告诉你。
? 一定的;必定的
It’s bound to rain soon. 过会肯定下雨。
? [C] 跳;跳跃
in leaps and bounds 飞速地;突飞猛进
Jill’s making excellent progress; she’s coming along in leaps and bounds. 吉尔进步飞快，她正飞速赶上。
? vi. 跳;跳跃
The dog bounded away. 那条狗跳开了。
【考题链接】 The new discovery is ___ to be of great service to mankind.
Key： bound
4. declare [dI?kle?（r）] vt.
? 宣布;公布;宣告
The government has declared a state of emergency. 政府已宣布进入紧急状态。
? 表明;宣称
Few people dared to declare their opposition to the government. 很少有人敢宣稱他们反对这个政府。
易混辨析： declare， announce与state
declare宣布，注意指口头的，尤指官方的声明;announce公开宣布，通知，不一定正式;state陈述，声明，书面或演讲中正式表达。
【考题链接】 The government ___ a permanent ceasefire ten days ago.
Key： declared
5. desire [dI?zaI?（r）]
? [C， U] 渴望;欲望;渴求
desire for sth. ……的欲望 / 愿望
They seem to have lost their desire for life. 他们似乎已丧失了对生活的热望。
desire to do sth. 做……的欲望 / 愿望
Failure can increase my desire to succeed. 失败能够增强我获得成功的欲望。
[vt， vi] desire （sb.） to do sth. 渴望 / 期望（某人）做某事
Few people desire to live in the north of the country. 很少的人想住在这个国家的北方。 desire that... 从句要用虚拟语气，其谓语要用（should +） 动词原形形式。
易混辨析desire， request， wish与want
desire， request， wish， want都有“要求”
“渴望”之意，它们之间的关系是desire=want very much（非常想）=wish earnestly for（急切希望）=request formally（正式要求）。
【考题链接】 I had a strong ___ to help and care for people.
Key： desire
6. divorce [dI?v?：s] n.
? [C， U] 离婚
You should avoid mentioning his divorce. 你应该避免提及他离婚的事。
get a divorce from sb. 和……离婚
They have agreed to get a divorce. 他们同意离婚。
? [C] 分离;脱离
They advocated a complete divorce of government and religion. 他们主张政教完全分离。
? vt. 与……离婚;判……离婚
They’re getting divorced. 他们要离婚了。
be divorced from 与……离婚
The beautiful woman has been divorced from two husbands. 那位美貌的妇人已离过两次婚了。
? vt. 使分离;使脱离
They believe that art should be divorced from politics. 他们认为艺术应该与政治分开。
派生词 divorced adj. 离婚的;离异的
Many divorced men remarry and have second families. 许多离婚的男子再婚组成了新的家庭。
【考题链接】 I tried to get my life back on track after my ___.
Key： divorce
7. favor [?feIv?] n.
? [C] 帮助;好事;恩惠
do me a favor 帮我一个忙
Can you do me a favor and pick up Sam from school today？ 今天你能帮我个忙去学校接下萨姆吗？
? [U] 赞同;支持
The suggestion to close the road has found favor with the local people. 关闭这条路的建议已得到当地人的支持。
in favor of 赞同;支持
He argued in favor of a strike. 他据理力争主张罢工。
? vt. 喜爱;偏袒
Many countries favor a presidential system of government. 很多国家偏向选择总统制政府。
派生词 favorable adj. 赞成的;同意的;给人好印象的
She made a favorable impression on his parents. 她给他的父母留下了好印象。
【考题链接】 I can scarcely expect to hear of any ___ change.
Key： favorable
8. junior [?d?u：nI?（r）] adj.
? 地位（或职位、级别）低下的
She is junior to me. 她职位比我低。
? 年纪较轻的;较小的
be junior to 比……年少
The president was so young that he was junior to some of his employees. 总裁的年龄如此小以至于比他的一些雇员还小。
? [C] 职位较低者;低层次工作人员
Tom is office junior. 汤姆是办公室的低级职员。
? [C] 年少者
be ... years sb.’s junior 比某人小……岁
I am four years his junior. 我比他小四岁。
反义词senior
? adj. 级别高的
? [C] 年长者;级别较高者
The meeting should be hosted by the most senior person present. 会议应由在座職位最高的人主持。
【考题链接】 The move from elementary school to middle school or ___ high can be difficult.
Key： junior
9. obey [??beI]
? vt. 服从;顺从
He had always obeyed his parents without question. 他对父母一向绝对服从。 to obey a command / an order / rules / the law 服从指挥 / 命令 / 规章 / 法律
Remember to obey traffic rules. 记住要遵守交通规则。
? vi. 服从;听话
She obeyed， and cautiously opened the door. 她服从了，小心翼翼地打开门。
派生词 disobey vt. & vi. 不服从;不顺从
He was punished for disobeying orders. 他因违抗命令而受到惩罚。
Those who disobey will be severely punished. 违者严惩不贷。
【考题链接】 Any company doing business in any country has to ___ the law and regulations of that country.
Key： obey
10. staff [stɑ?f]
? [C]（+单动或复动）（全体）工作人员;职员
on our / the staff 作为我们的职员
It’s good to have you on the staff. 你能成为我们的职员真好。
? vt. 为……配备（职员）
be staffed with / by 配备了……人员
The refugee centre is staffed by / with volunteers. 难民中心主要由志愿者组成。
【考题链接】 He had the complete support of hospital ___.
Key： staff
11. state [steIt] n.
? [C] 状态;状况
state of mind 心境;思想状态
He seems to be in a rather confused state of mind. 他似乎处于相当混乱的思想状态。
? [C， U] 国家;政府
Should industry be controlled by the state？工业应该受到国家控制吗？
member state 成员国
France is one of the member states of the ELL. 法国是欧洲联盟成员国之一。
? [美国等的]州
The United States is composed of fifty states， two of which are separated from the others by land or water. 美国由50个州组成，其中两个被陆地或水与其它州分开。
? vt. 陈述;说明;声明
The witness stated that he had not seen the woman before. 该证人说他之前从未见过那个女人。
派生词statement n. [C， U] 陈述;声明
make a statement陈述;发表声明
He made a statement urging the public to cooperation. 他发表声明，要求公众给予配合。
【考题链接】 The leaders will also release a final ___ that is expected to say human activity causes some climate change.
Key： statement
12. sympathy [?sImp?θi] n.
? [C， U] 同情（心）
express / feel / have sympathy for sb. 同情某人
I have no sympathy for Jane， it’s all her own fault. 我不同情简，那都是她自己的错。
? [C， U] 赞同;支持
in sympathy with 赞同;支持
The seamen went on strike in sympathy with the dockers. 海员们举行罢工，以表示对码头工人的支持。
派生词 sympathetic adj. 同情的;表示同情的;出于同情的
I did not feel at all sympathetic towards Kate. 我对凯特一点也不同情。
【考题链接】 I received a certain amount of ___ after the attack.
Key： sympathy
13. talent [?t?l?nt] n.
? [C， U] 天才;天资;天赋
His talent for music becomes the envy of the other competitors. 他在音乐方面的天分让其对手感到羡慕。
talent （for sth. / for doing sth. ） …… /
做……的天赋
She showed considerable talent for getting what she wanted. 她很有天资，能够心想事成。
have a talent for sth. 对……有天赋
All children have a natural talent for language learning. 儿童对于语言学习向来有天赋。
? [C， U] 有才能的人;人才;天才
There is a wealth of young talent in British theatre. 英國戏剧界年轻一代人才辈出。
派生词talented adj. 有才能的;天才的
Howard is a talented pianist. 霍华德是个很有天分的钢琴家。
易混辨析talent与genius
talent指后天从模仿和训练得来的天才、天资;genius指天生的具有创造性、独特性的才能。
考题链接
He had seldom seen a child with so much ___.
Key： talent