本文以国际标准贸易品分类体系下的4位数商品分类为基础,在690多种商品构成的商品横断面上分析了1990年代后期,中国与东盟国家在美日市场相对贸易份额的变化,发现无论是对东盟作为一个整体,还是对其各成员国而言,相对市场份额的损失总是更多地集中在这些国家更具有比较优势的领域。我们推测这是由中国资本劳动价格比的相对快速下降带来的,并以印度的情况对此进行了反证。 Based on the 4-digit classification of commodities under the international trade classification system, this paper analyzes the changes of the relative trade shares between China and ASEAN countries in the United States and Japan in the late 1990s in the cross-section of more than 690 commodities and finds that Whether for ASEAN as a whole or for its member countries, the relative loss of market share has always been more concentrated in the more comparatively advantageous areas of these countries. We speculate that this is caused by the relatively rapid decline in the labor-capital ratio of China’s capital, which is contrasted by the Indian situation.