细菌微小而无色透明 ,在显微镜下观察之前需染色。常用的染色方法有革兰氏染色、芽孢染色、荚膜染色、鞭毛染色等。通过多年的教学实践发现 ,传统的染色方法存在某些缺陷 :有些步骤要求严格 ,初学者不易掌握 ,实验结果欠佳 ;有时染液较多 ,不易操作 ,难度较大 ;还有的染色不易? The bacteria are small and colorless and transparent, and must be stained before being observed under a microscope. Common staining methods are Gram stain, spore staining, capsular staining, flagella staining and so on. Through many years of teaching practice, we found that the traditional dyeing method has some shortcomings: some steps are strict, it is not easy for beginners to master, and the experimental results are not good; sometimes the dyeing liquid is more difficult to handle and difficult;