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目的:分析高原地区不同任务抗震救灾人员心理应激特点。方法:参加“4?14”玉树地震后执行一线救援任务的54名救援组人员及执行灾后重建任务的187名重建组人员,采用应激反应调查问卷,除提供每个维度的得分外,还运用总体反应分数来描述被试者的压力反应情况。结果:重建组在各个维度和工作效率上均存在轻度改变;救援组仅在认知、行为方面存在轻度改变。重建组与救援组在生理反应与情绪反应上存在显著差别(P<0.05),重建组在疑惑、愤怒、绝望、内疚、话语减少、惊恐发作、躯体症状等项目上得分高于救援组(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论:一线救援人员与灾后重建人员均在一定程度上出现心理应激反应,应根据不同任务者心理反应特点采用适当方法,有针对性地进行心理干预。
Objective: To analyze the psychological stress characteristics of earthquake relief workers in different missions in the plateau. METHODS: Fifty-four rescue teams participating in the first-line rescue mission after the “4? 14 ” Yushu earthquake and 187 reconstruction teams carrying out post-disaster reconstruction tasks were recruited using stress response questionnaires. In addition to providing scores for each dimension In addition, the overall response score was used to describe the subject’s stress response. Results: There were slight changes in all dimensions and work efficiency in the reconstruction group. The rescue group only had slight changes in cognition and behavior. There were significant differences in physiological responses and emotional responses between the reconstruction group and the rescue group (P <0.05). The score of reconstruction group was higher than that of rescue group (P <0.05) in the items of doubt, anger, hopelessness, guilt, discourse, panic attacks and somatic symptoms <0.05, P <0.01). Conclusion: First-line rescue workers and post-disaster reconstruction personnel are to some extent, psychological stress response, psychological response should be based on the characteristics of different tasks using appropriate methods, targeted psychological intervention.