足细胞病是肾脏中肾小球内的足细胞出现异常的一种疾病。肾小球内包括三种固有细胞,即系膜细胞、内皮细胞、足细胞,不同病因可导致不同固有细胞的损伤,临床表现为不同类型的肾小球疾病。足细胞是位于肾小球毛细血管基底膜外侧的脏层上皮细胞,因其胞浆在基底膜表面形成伪足样突起而得名。足细胞损伤后临床主要表现为蛋白尿,主要是由于足突间裂孔膜是肾小球滤过的最后一道屏障,故足细胞损伤将会导致蛋白尿。近年来随着对足细胞生物学研究的深入,特别是在发现足细胞表达的一些特异性蛋白分子之后,证实了足细胞损伤 Psomatosis is a disorder in which podocytes within the glomeruli in the kidney appear abnormal. Glomerular include three kinds of innate cells, mesangial cells, endothelial cells, podocytes, different causes can lead to different innate cell damage, the clinical manifestations of different types of glomerular diseases. Podocytes are visceral epithelial cells located outside the basement membrane of the glomerular capillary, named for their cytoplasm that form pseudopodia-like processes on the surface of the basement membrane. The main clinical manifestations of podocyte proteinuria after podocyte injury are mainly due to the fact that the interprotactic gap membrane is the last barrier of glomerular filtration. Therefore, podocyte injury will lead to proteinuria. In recent years, with the further study of podocyte biology, especially in the discovery of some podocytes expressed specific protein molecules, podocyte injury was confirmed