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目的动态监测莆田市出生缺陷的发生趋势,及时采取干预措施,减少出生缺陷。方法对莆田市20所爱婴医院2009年10月至2012年9月住院分娩的孕满20周至出生后7d的围产儿进行23种出生缺陷监测。结果 3个年度出生缺陷发生率90.25/万,发生率呈下降趋势。围产儿病死率6.48‰,其中出生缺陷儿占33.2%。农村出生缺陷发生率(95.93/万)高于城市(81.23/万);≥35岁高龄组孕妇出生缺陷儿发生率较高(163.31/万)。1 043例出生缺陷儿产前诊断占38.5%,前10位出生缺陷依次为先天性心脏病、多指(趾)、唇腭裂、先天性脑积水、外耳其他畸形(小耳、无耳除外)、唇裂、无脑畸形、马蹄内翻足、肢体短缩、直肠肛门闭锁或狭窄(包括无肛)。结论优生优育宣传、叶酸投服、孕期产检及产前诊断,可有效减少出生缺陷的发生。
Objective To dynamically monitor the occurrence of birth defects in Putian and to take timely interventions to reduce birth defects. Methods Twenty-three kinds of birth defects were monitored in 20 infants from 20 pregnant weeks to 7 days after birth in 20 infants and young children’s hospitals in Putian from October 2009 to September 2012. Results The incidence of birth defects in three years was 90.25 / million, the incidence was declining. Perinatal mortality 6.48 ‰, of which 33.2% of birth defects. The incidence of rural birth defects (95.93 / million) was higher than that of urban areas (81.23 / million). The incidence of birth defects in pregnant women ≥35 years old was high (163.31 / 10,000). The prenatal diagnosis of 1 043 birth defects accounted for 38.5%. The top 10 birth defects were congenital heart disease, multiple fingers, cleft lip and palate, congenital hydrocephalus, other malformations of the external ear (except for small ears and no ears) , Cleft lip, anencephaly, clubfoot, limb shortening, anal atresia or stenosis (including no anus). Conclusion Prenatal and postnatal care promotion, folic acid administration, prenatal diagnosis and prenatal diagnosis can effectively reduce the incidence of birth defects.