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[目的]比较沙颍(以下简称“SY”)河污染区及对照区居民恶性肿瘤死亡率,探索环境污染对恶性肿瘤发病率可能存在的影响。[方法]在SY河流经的某县境内,依据该县以往水质监测报告数据,对报告进行分析后,设定水质状况较好的某乡镇为对照区,较差的某乡镇为污染区,运用全国第三次死因回顾调查方法,对2007—2009年间两区人群死亡状况进行调查。[结果]污染区恶性肿瘤标化死亡率为178.7/10万,高于对照区109.5/10万(χ2=30.906,P=0.000)。两区男性肿瘤发病率高于女性。污染区居民肺癌、肝癌、直肠癌死亡率均高于对照区(分别为χ2=15.645,P=0.000;χ2=10.582,P=0.001;χ2=4.321,P=0.038)。0~及20~年龄组的肿瘤死亡率差异无统计学意义,55~年龄组污染区肿瘤死亡率高于对照区(χ2=38.992,P=0.000)。[结论]SY河污染可能致使当地居民恶性肿瘤死亡率升高。
[Objective] To compare the mortality rates of malignant tumors in residents of Shaying (hereinafter referred to as “SY”) and control areas to explore the possible impact of environmental pollution on the incidence of malignant tumors. [Method] After analyzing the report based on the past county water quality monitoring report data of the county where the SY river was flowing, a certain township with better water quality status was set as the control area and the poorer one as the pollution area. The third cause of death in China reviewed the investigation method and investigated the deaths of people in two districts from 2007 to 2009. [Results] The standardized death rate of malignant tumor in contaminated area was 178.7 / 100,000, which was higher than 109.5 / 100000 in control area (χ2 = 30.906, P = 0.000). The incidence of male cancer in both districts is higher than that in women. The mortality rate of lung cancer, liver cancer and rectal cancer in residents in the polluted area were higher than those in the control area (χ2 = 15.645, P = 0.000; χ2 = 10.582, P = 0.001, χ2 = 4.321, P = 0.038, respectively). There was no significant difference in tumor mortality rates between 0 ~ and 20 ~ age groups. The tumor mortality rates in the contaminated areas of 55 ~ age group were higher than those in the control area (χ2 = 38.992, P = 0.000). [Conclusion] The pollution of SY river may cause the malignant tumor mortality of local residents to increase.