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党的十六届五中全会提出了建设社会主义新农村的伟大战略,但是两年多来,除了极少的案例外,绝大多数的乡村社会都处于农民岿然不动的局面,其根本原因在于社会各界先前对村庄的性质认识不够。当前,大规模的人口流动已经改变了很多村庄的经济属性,使村庄的经济发展功能外溢,同时也造成了村庄内部村民年龄结构的断裂。在这样的背景下开展新农村建设,必须基于村庄性质着力于制度创新,切实满足留守村庄的不同年龄群体的发展诉求。本文在后半部分结合农民的需求,将实践中各地采取的制度创新行为进行了初步的总结和分析,希望能够给当下的新农村建设提供可以参考的经验。
The Fifth Plenary Session of the 16th CPC Central Committee put forward the great strategy of building a new socialist countryside. However, for the past two years or so, with a very small number of cases, the vast majority of rural communities are in a situation of peasant unrest and the root cause In the past, all walks of life did not know enough about the nature of the village. At present, large-scale population movements have changed the economic properties of many villages and spilled the economic development function of villages. At the same time, they have also caused the breakdown of the age structure of villagers in villages. In this context, to carry out the construction of new countryside, we must make efforts to innovate the system based on the nature of the village and effectively meet the development demands of different age groups in left-behind villages. In the second part of the thesis, we combine the peasants’ needs and make a preliminary summary and analysis of the institutional innovations taken in various places in practice, hoping to provide a reference for the current new rural construction.