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现有的小行星探测交会轨道研究多集中于二脉冲最优燃料研究,本文则研究了小行星探测多脉冲交会轨道多目标优化问题。基于Lambert交会算法建立了包含地球逃逸轨道和日心转移轨道的多脉冲交会轨道优化模型,以燃料消耗最小和转移时间最短为两个优化目标函数。采用一类典型的多目标进化算法———NSGA-Ⅱ用于Pareto最优解的确定。求解了2个小行星探测任务用于验证模型与方法的有效性。结果表明本文方法可以快捷有效地揭示小行星探测任务的出发时刻、转移时间和燃料消耗等特征参数之间的关系,分析不同脉冲数目对最优轨道的影响,以及评价对比不同小行星探测的任务特征。所提出方法在小行星探测任务概念设计中具有较好的应用价值。
The existing asteroid exploration orbit research focuses on the two-pulse optimal fuel research. In this paper, the multi-objective orbit multipurpose optimization problem of asteroid detection multi-pulse is studied. Based on the Lambert rendezvous algorithm, a multi-pulse rendezvous orbit optimization model including the Earth’s orbit and the heliocentric orbit is established. Two optimization objective functions are the minimum fuel consumption and the minimum transfer time. A kind of typical multi-objective evolutionary algorithm (NSGA-Ⅱ) is used to determine the Pareto optimal solution. Solve the asteroid exploration mission to verify the effectiveness of the model and method. The results show that this method can quickly and effectively reveal the relationship between departure time, transfer time, fuel consumption and other characteristic parameters of asteroid exploration missions, analyze the effect of different pulse numbers on the optimal orbit, and evaluate and compare the tasks of different asteroid exploration feature. The proposed method has a good application value in the concept design of asteroid exploration mission.