胸水细胞染色体分析是胸水肿瘤细胞定性的辅助诊断方法。文献上的观察方法为光镜,其分辨率与观察范围受限制。国外用电镜观察与研究染色体结构始于70年代,均从血淋巴细胞或培养细胞获取染色体标本。用胸水肿瘤细胞直接作染色体扫描电镜观察的方法文献上尚无报道。本文所用的扫描电镜染色体观察方法直接简便实用,定位性好,使图象的三维结构清晰,染色体表面超微结构不受破坏与污染。 制样与观察方法:细胞学确诊的胸水腺癌细胞10ml,离心10min(1000r/min,下同),吸部分上清,留2—4ml上清作孵育液。秋水仙胺(0.1mg/ml)1—2滴,37℃孵育90min,离心。75mmol/L氯化钾液低渗处理20min Chromosomal analysis of pleural effusions is a qualitative diagnostic aid for pleural fluid tumor cells. The observation method in the literature is a light microscope, and its resolution and observation range are limited. The observation and study of chromosomal structure by electron microscope in foreign countries began in the 1970s, and chromosome samples were obtained from blood lymphocytes or cultured cells. The use of pleural effusion tumor cells for direct chromosome scanning electron microscopy has not been reported in the literature. The scanning electron microscopy chromosome observation method used in this paper is simple and practical, and has good localization, so that the three-dimensional structure of the image is clear, and the ultrastructure of the chromosome surface is not damaged or polluted. Sample preparation and observation methods: Cytology confirmed pleural gland cancer cells 10ml, centrifuged 10min (1000r/min, the same below), suction part of the supernatant, leaving 2-4ml supernatant for the incubation solution. Colchicine (0.1mg/ml) 1-2 drops, incubated at 37°C for 90 minutes, and centrifuged. 75mmol/L potassium chloride solution treated with low permeability for 20min