论文部分内容阅读
以大型城市生活垃圾焚烧炉所产生的底灰、飞灰和炉排灰等固体残余物为研究对象,对其成分组成、重金属分布及浸出特性进行了分析.结果表明:Cd,Pb,Hg和As等易挥发重金属在垃圾焚烧炉的飞灰样品中显著富集,且飞灰浸出液中Cd和Pb的含量都远远高于标准规定值,从而判定飞灰是具有浸出毒性特征的危险废物,为保证环境安全需进行稳定化、固化或熔融等处理;难挥发的重金属元素如Ni停留在底灰和炉排灰中;Zn,Cu和Cr等重金属元素的挥发性中等,其在飞灰、底灰和炉排灰样品中均匀分布;垃圾焚烧炉固体残余物中重金属浸出指数从高到低依次为Cr,As,Hg,Cd,Pb,Cu,Ni,Zn.
The solid residues in bottom ash, fly ash and furnace ash generated by large-scale municipal solid waste incinerators were studied, and their composition, distribution and leaching characteristics of heavy metals were analyzed.The results showed that Cd, Pb, Hg and As and other volatile heavy metals were significantly enriched in the fly ash samples of waste incinerators, and the content of Cd and Pb in the fly ash leachate was much higher than the standard value, so as to determine the fly ash is a hazardous waste with leaching toxicity characteristics, In order to ensure the safety of the environment, it is necessary to carry out stabilization, solidification or melting treatment. The volatile heavy metal elements, such as Ni, remain in the bottom ash and furnace ash, and the heavy metals such as Zn, Cu and Cr have medium volatility, Bottom ash and furnace ash were uniformly distributed in the samples. The leaching index of heavy metals in the solid residues of MSW incinerators were Cr, As, Hg, Cd, Pb, Cu, Ni and Zn from high to low.