股骨转子间骨折是最常见的髋部骨折。由于严重骨质疏松及骨折断端粉碎程度高，初始内固定失效或骨折不愈合时有发生。对于功能需求高和（或）预期寿命长的手术失败患者，如何制定更为有效的翻修固定策略尚存在争议。常用的手术方式包括角度稳定钢板髓外系统（动力髁螺钉或动力髋螺钉）固定、股骨近端头颈髓内钉系统（股骨近端防旋髓内钉、InterTAN髓内钉和转子间加强型髓内钉）固定，以及在此基础上的内侧增强钢板固定。对于股骨转子间骨折初次手术失败的患者，最基本的翻修原则是实现股骨近端三边结构的力学重建，以提高骨折断端的整体稳定性，早期实现骨折愈合，并进行早期功能锻炼。本文通过综述既往已发表的临床和生物力学研究文献，并结合解放军总医院骨科医学部的临床实践经验，对股骨转子间骨折初次手术失败的力学因素、翻修重建的力学策略和临床预后进行总结分析，以期为临床医生选择最佳的治疗方案提供指导和帮助。“,”Intertrochanteric fracture is the most common hip fracture. Due to severe osteoporosis and high degree of fracture comminution, initial implant failure or nonunion occasionally occurs. It is still controversial how to formulate a more effective strategy for revision and fixation after failed primary operation for patients who have high functional needs and/or long-life expectancy. Common surgical procedures include angle-stabilized extramedullary plate systems (dynamic condylar screw or dynamic hip screw), cephalomedullary nail systems (proximal femoral nail antirotation, InterTAN, and trochanteric fixation nail advanced) with/without medial augmentation plate. For patients with intertrochanteric fracture who have suffered from primary operation failure, the basic principle for revision is to mechanically reconstruct the stable triangular structure of the proximal femur in order to improve the mechanical stability of the fracture ends as much as possible so that fracture healing and early functional exercise can be ensured. This paper reviews the clinical and biomechanical studies published, analyzes the mechanical factors responsible for failure of initial surgery, summarizes revision strategy and clinical prognosis, and provides our clinical experience and technical innovations, hoping to help clinicians in choosing an optimal revision strategy.