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目的对大连市自2011年至2014年上报的50例疟疾进行检测分析,了解疟疾流行现状及趋势,并进行流行病学分析,为大连市疟疾消除防治策略与监测手段提供参考依据。方法采用镜检法、快速检测法(RDT)和巢式PCR三种方法,对上报50例疟疾感染病例进行实验室检测,并以巢式PCR进行虫种鉴定。同时,对上述50例进行流行病学分析。结果 2011年至2014年上报的50例全部为输入性病例,每年病例数分别为12例、16例、10例和12例。其中恶性疟占82.0%、间日疟占6.0%、卵形疟占6.0%、三日疟占2.0%和未分型占4.0%。境外感染49例,主要来自非洲。感染者以建筑工人最多,占40.0%,其次是捕鱼工,占34.0%。结论大连地区存在着疟疾感染和流行有良好的自然环境条件,加强本土或外来疟疾疫情的监控,积极严查防控传染源,防止疟疾传播和流行具有重要的意义。
Objective To detect and analyze 50 malaria cases reported in Dalian from 2011 to 2014 to understand the status and trends of malaria epidemic and conduct epidemiological analysis to provide reference for prevention and control strategies and monitoring methods of malaria in Dalian. Methods Three methods of microscopic examination, rapid detection (RDT) and nested PCR were used to detect 50 malaria cases reported in laboratory, and nematode PCR was used to identify the species. At the same time, epidemiological analysis of the above 50 cases. Results All the 50 cases reported from 2011 to 2014 were all imported cases, the number of cases was 12 cases, 16 cases, 10 cases and 12 cases respectively. Among them, falciparum malaria accounted for 82.0%, malaria malaria accounted for 6.0%, egg-shaped malaria accounted for 6.0%, malaria malaria 2.0% and non-classified 4.0%. 49 cases of foreign infections, mainly from Africa. The largest number of infected workers was construction workers, accounting for 40.0%, followed by fishing workers, accounting for 34.0%. Conclusion There are malaria infections and epidemic prevalence in Dalian area. It is of great significance to strengthen the monitoring of the epidemic of endemic or foreign malaria, to check and control the source of infection actively and to prevent the spread and epidemic of malaria.