小麦梭条花叶病是危害我省小麦的一种新病害。病原为一种线状粒体的病毒,是由土壤中的禾谷多粘菌传播的。此病害对温度较为敏感,属低温型病害,一般于冬前感染,翌年2～3月间盛发。被侵染的麦苗最初出现褪绿条纹,继而发展为条斑,有的似梭状,后变黄以至枯死。罹病株由于分蘖减少,成穗率降低,穗型变小,粒重减轻,造成严重减产。据报道,该病害主要分布在加拿大东南和美国东北部,法国可能亦有发生。我国江苏、四川、浙江等省已有发现。我省苏南部分县、苏北沿江及里下河地区自七十年代中期以来逐年扩大蔓延危害,已发展成为我省小麦生产的一个限制因素。 Wheat spine mosaic disease is a new disease that endangers wheat in our province. The etiologic agent is a mitochondrial virus that is transmitted by the polymyxa in the soil. This disease is more sensitive to temperature, is a low-temperature disease, usually in the winter infection, the next year 2 to March Shengfa. Infected wheat seedlings first appeared pale streaks, and then developed into streaks, some like a fusiform, yellowing and even died. Affected strains due to reduced tillers, reduced spike rate, smaller panicles, reduced grain weight, resulting in serious cuts. It is reported that the disease is mainly distributed in southeastern Canada and northeastern United States, France may also occur. China’s Jiangsu, Sichuan, Zhejiang and other provinces have been found. Some counties in southern Jiangsu Province, northern Jiangsu and Lixia River areas have spread their harmfulness each year since the mid-1970s and have become a limiting factor for wheat production in our province.