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目的了解和掌握孕妇被动吸烟知识、态度、行为以及对健康教育需求等方面的看法和建议,为下一步建立无烟家庭提供科学依据和方向。方法采用焦点小组访谈(focus group discussions,FGDs)在四川省4个区县级妇幼保健院进行产前保健的36名被动吸烟孕妇分别进行了4场访谈。访谈内容全部记录和录音,编码后进行分析。结果孕妇被动吸烟的主要环境是家庭,主要来源是丈夫;孕妇及其家人对被动吸烟的概念有一定的认识,大多数人都知道被动吸烟不好,但是对其具体危害认识不足;访谈对象对被动吸烟的健康教育表现出普遍的需求,最想知道的知识是避免被动吸烟的技巧和被动吸烟对胎儿、孕妇的危害,最能接受的教育方式是产前保健门诊医生咨询和专题健康讲座等;建立无烟家庭的主要困难是人际压力和健康相关知识不足。结论健康教育的内容应该结合受众的需求;健康教育传播需采用综合性方法,活动形式应多种多样;充分发挥家庭中积极分子的作用;利用健康教育材料将信息传递给孕妇的丈夫。
Objective To understand and grasp the views and suggestions on the knowledge, attitudes and behaviors of passive smoking among pregnant women and the demand for health education so as to provide scientific basis and direction for the further establishment of a smoke-free family. Methods Focus group discussions (FGDs) were conducted in four interviews with 36 passive smoking pregnant women who prenatal health care in four districts and counties in Sichuan Province. Interview all the recording and recording, coding analysis. Results The main source of passive smoking in pregnant women was family. The main source was husband. Pregnant women and their families had a certain understanding of the concept of passive smoking. Most people knew that passive smoking was not good but did not know enough about their specific hazards. Passive smoking health education shows universal needs, most want to know the knowledge is to avoid passive smoking tips and passive smoking on the fetus, pregnant women, the most acceptable form of education is prenatal care clinic consultation and special health lectures ; The main difficulties in establishing a smoke-free family are interpersonal stress and inadequate health-related knowledge. Conclusion The content of health education should be combined with the needs of the audience. The health education needs to adopt a comprehensive approach to communication. The forms of activities should be diversified. The role of activists in the family should be given full play. Health education materials should be used to transfer information to pregnant women ’s husbands.