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目的 探讨小儿皮肤软组织血管瘤与血管畸形彩色多普勒超声 (CDU )的不同表现。方法 对经病理证实的 2 2例小儿皮肤软组织血管瘤和 18例血管畸形的CDU表现进行回顾性分析 ,主要检测并比较了其高频灰阶超声特点、肿块内血管密度、动脉收缩期峰值血流速度 (PSV )、阻力指数 (RI)等。结果 血管瘤常呈一低回声实质性团块 ,边界清楚 ,1例伴有钙化。其内血流信号丰富 ,血管密度为 ( 5 .3± 2 .0 )条 /cm2 ,PSV达 ( 61.1± 2 9.9)cm /s ,RI为 0 .6± 0 .1。而血管畸形多呈迂曲扩张的管状结构或管道与软组织相间的回声 ,边界模糊 ,内多伴有钙化 ( 5 0 .0 % ) ,血流信号稀少 ,血管密度仅为 ( 2 .3± 1.0 )条 /cm2 ,PSV较低 ,为 ( 2 7.4± 15 .0 )cm /s ,RI为0 .7± 0 .1。两组相比 ,其血管密度、PSV、钙化出现率均有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 1～ 0 .0 0 5 )。结论 小儿皮肤软组织血管瘤与血管畸形CDU表现明显不同 ,CDU检查对两类疾病的诊断和鉴别诊断具有重要意义。
Objective To explore the different manifestations of pediatric skin and soft tissue hemangiomas and vascular malformations by color Doppler ultrasound (CDU). Methods Retrospective analysis was performed on the CDU findings of 22 cases of pediatric skin and soft tissue hemangiomas and 18 cases of vascular malformations confirmed by pathology. The features of high frequency gray scale ultrasonography, intravascular tumor density, peak systolic blood flow Flow velocity (PSV), resistance index (RI) and so on. Results Hemangiomas often showed a hypoechoic mass, with clear boundary and 1 case with calcification. The blood flow signal was rich, the vascular density was (5.3 ± 2.0) / cm2, PSV was (61.1 ± 29.9) cm / s, RI was 0.6 ± 0. 1. The vascular malformations were tortuous expansion of the tubular structure or pipe and soft tissue echo phase, the boundary blurred, mostly accompanied by calcification (50%), blood flow signal sparse, vascular density was only (2.3 ± 1.0) / Cm2, PSV is lower, (2 7.4 ± 15 .0) cm / s, RI is 0.7 ± 0. 1. Compared with the two groups, the vascular density, PSV, the incidence of calcification were significantly different (P <0.01 ~ 0.05). Conclusion The manifestations of CDU in children with skin and soft tissue hemangiomas are significantly different from that of vascular malformations. The CDU examination is of great significance in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of two kinds of diseases.