絕大部分农作物习慣于生长在干湿适宜的土壤里。但是它們对淹水或过湿土壤的反应并不一样。有些作物象烟草、向日葵、花生等,对淹水很敏感,土壤表面連續几天积水就可能死亡。而另一些作物对淹水的反应却比較迟鈍,只要淹水时间不太长,水退之后仍能正常生长、开花、結果,棉花、大豆等就屬于这一类。还有些作物象高粱和薏米等,有相当大的抗涝本領,淹水以后仍然可以正常生活。水稻的习性比較特殊,它能在常年淹水的土壤中生活。既然不同的植物对淹水的反应不同,那末就有可能利用这个差異,通过合理的种植計划,栽培耐涝作物,以及选育耐涝品种来提高作物产量和抵抗涝災。淹水之后土壤被水浸泡之后,它的物理、化学、生物学性状都发生了变 Most crops are accustomed to growing in suitable dry and wet soils. However, they do not respond to flooded or over-wet soils. Some crops, such as tobacco, sunflowers, peanuts, etc., are sensitive to flooding. The surface of the soil can water for several days and may die. However, some other crops are less responsive to flooding. As long as the flooding time is not too long, the water can still grow normally after the water recedes, and flowering and fruiting results. Cotton and soybeans fall into this category. Some crops, such as sorghum and glutinous rice, have considerable fighting power and can still live normally after flooding. The habit of rice is special, it can live in the flooded soil all year round. Since different plants respond differently to flooding, it is then possible to use this difference to increase crop yields and resist locust plagues through rational planting plans, the cultivation of loquat-resistant crops, and breeding of loquat-resistant varieties. After the flooded soil is soaked in water, its physical, chemical and biological properties have changed.