生态批评(ecocriticism)也称文学与环境研究(studies of literature and environment,是针对当今世界愈演愈烈的生态危机引发人类的生存危机而出现的一个新显学流派。生态批评这一术语最早是由威廉·罗依克特提出的。但作为一个批评学派的正式形成则是以帕里克·墨菲创办的 Ecocriticism, also known as the study of literature and environment, is a new genre of schools that has emerged in response to the crisis of humankind that is caused by the growing ecological crisis in today’s world. The term ecocriticism was first introduced by William Rowe According to Ector, but formal formation as a critical school was founded by Parr Murphy