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大肠癌是中国发病率排名第三的癌症。虽然近年来手术技术和术后化疗效果已经取得不小的进展,但大肠癌的预后仍不令人满意,主要原因是肿瘤的复发和转移。大肠癌干细胞Wnt信号通路在肿瘤复发和转移中起重要作用,并已成为抗癌药物研发的新靶点。大肠癌干细胞Wnt信号通路的失调导致细胞内β-catenin水平升高,继而激活一系列致癌相关基因。因此,如果针对Wnt信号通路的小分子靶向药物可阻止或逆转这些异常变化,将有助于治疗大肠癌。本文对以Wnt通路为靶标的小分子药物的研究现状进行了回顾,并展望其未来可能的发展方向。
Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer in China. Although surgical techniques and postoperative chemotherapy have made no small progress in recent years, the prognosis of colorectal cancer is still not satisfactory, mainly due to tumor recurrence and metastasis. The Wnt signaling pathway of colorectal cancer stem cells plays an important role in tumor recurrence and metastasis and has become a new target for the development of anticancer drugs. Disorders of the Wnt signaling pathway in colorectal cancer stem cells lead to elevated levels of intracellular β-catenin, which in turn activate a series of oncogenic genes. Therefore, small-molecule targeting drugs targeting the Wnt signaling pathway could help treat colorectal cancer if they prevent or reverse these abnormal changes. This article reviews the research status of small molecule drugs targeting Wnt pathway, and looks forward to its possible future development.