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1.约瑟夫逊效应 (1)历史展望约瑟夫逊效应是一种超导体所特有的效应。因此只有在液氦产生的深低温下才会出现,如图1所示,超导材料如铅的薄膜之间夹入数毫微米厚的(PbO)膜,形成叠层结构,用稳定电源测其伏安特性,则在零压状态下有电流流过。但是,流过的电流大于上限值Ic时,电压便不能停滞在零压状态了,而从图中的A点漂向B点。这种在零压下产生电流的效应称为直流约瑟夫逊效应,Ic称作临界电流,它随氧化膜厚度的变化而变化。
1. Josephson Effect (1) Historical Outlook The Josephson effect is a superconductor-specific effect. So only appear in the cryogenic temperature of liquid helium will appear, as shown in Figure 1, the superconducting material such as lead sandwiched between a few nanometers thick film (PbO) film to form a laminated structure, with a stable power supply test Its volt-ampere characteristics, then in the zero-pressure state current flows. However, when the current flowing through is larger than the upper limit value Ic, the voltage can not stand at zero pressure and drifts from point A to point B in the figure. This effect of generating current at zero pressure is called the DC Josephson effect, and Ic is called the critical current, which varies with the thickness of the oxide film.