In 1949,when the new republic was founded,China was a poor and weak agricultural country.Thanks to Mao Zedong and his comrades who were,at the very beginning of the new republic,all clear of the goal of building an independent and self-sufficient economic system so as to gain the core competitive competence in the world,China has become an initially industrialized and modeized country.Such an industrial and national economic system is the outcome of the efforts of Mao and the communist party and the govement led by him.The successes and failures of those efforts clearly reflect features of this particular time.