继 Kohler 和 Milstein 报道杂交瘤技术以后,以单克隆抗体作为新型试剂诊治恶性肿瘤,逐渐为人们接受。可以期望,利用这些新免疫制剂对特异性纯净抗原的作用,可产生出其它方法无法比拟的治疗癌症的高度特异性方法。但因识别特异性肿瘤靶抗原很困难,所以这一愿望未能实现。尽管单克隆抗体缺乏绝对的靶抗原特异性,但作为毒素、药物和放射性同位素的载体应用于肿瘤的治疗,已取得了一些进展。针对肿瘤相关抗原的单克隆抗体临床试验正在进行。恶性 T 和 B 淋巴细胞产生的独特型抗原,可作为正常体液和细胞免疫反应的必要组成成分,故在肿瘤相关抗原的研究中可为例外。因此,免疫球蛋白表面的独特型和 T 细胞受体 Following the report by Kohler and Milstein of hybridoma technology, the use of monoclonal antibodies as a new agent in the diagnosis and treatment of malignant tumors is gradually accepted. It is expected that the use of these novel immunomodulatory agents for specific, purified antigens may result in highly specific methods of treating cancer that are unmatched by other methods. However, due to the identification of specific tumor target antigen is difficult, so this wish can not be achieved. Despite the lack of absolute target antigen specificity for monoclonal antibodies, progress has been made as carriers of toxins, drugs and radioisotopes for the treatment of tumors. Clinical trials of monoclonal antibodies against tumor-associated antigens are underway. The unique antigens produced by malignant T and B lymphocytes can be used as an essential component of normal humoral and cellular immune responses, with the possible exception of studies on tumor-associated antigens. Therefore, idiotypes of immunoglobulin surfaces and T cell receptors